DLNA / UPnP

DLNA (Digital Living Network Alliance) is an interoperability standard built on UPnP (Universal Plug and Play) for sharing media across home networks. Predates modern streaming apps by about a decade.

Use case

Own a NAS drive with FLAC files? DLNA/UPnP lets network-connected streamers pull those files directly – no phone required. Compatible streamers appear as “renderers” in DLNA control apps.

Modern relevance

Most audiophiles now use Roon or the manufacturer’s streaming app. But DLNA/UPnP is a universal fallback – almost every streamer supports it. The Fosi Audio S3 works as a DLNA renderer.